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## java.security
Class KeyStore

    java.lang.Object
      java.security.KeyStore

    public class KeyStore

extends Object

This class represents a storage facility for cryptographic keys and certificates.

A `KeyStore` manages different types of entries. Each type of entry implements the `KeyStore.Entry` interface. Three basic `KeyStore.Entry` implementations are provided:

- KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry

  This type of entry holds a cryptographic `PrivateKey`, which is optionally stored in a protected format to prevent unauthorized access. It is also accompanied by a certificate chain for the corresponding public key.

  Private keys and certificate chains are used by a given entity for self-authentication. Applications for this authentication include software distribution organizations which sign JAR files as part of releasing and/or licensing software.

- KeyStore.SecretKeyEntry

  This type of entry holds a cryptographic `SecretKey`, which is optionally stored in a protected format to prevent unauthorized access.

- KeyStore.TrustedCertificateEntry

  This type of entry contains a single public key `Certificate` belonging to another party. It is called a trusted certificate because the keystore owner trusts that the public key in the certificate indeed belongs to the identity identified by the subject (owner) of the certificate.

  This type of entry can be used to authenticate other parties.

Each entry in a keystore is identified by an "alias" string. In the case of private keys and their associated certificate chains, these strings distinguish among the different ways in which the entity may authenticate itself. For example, the entity may authenticate itself using different certificate authorities, or using different public key algorithms.

Whether keystores are persistent, and the mechanisms used by the keystore if it is persistent, are not specified here. This allows use of a variety of techniques for protecting sensitive (e.g., private or secret) keys. Smart cards or other integrated cryptographic engines (SafeKeyper) are one option, and simpler mechanisms such as files may also be used (in a variety of formats).

Typical ways to request a KeyStore object include relying on the default type and providing a specific keystore type.

- To rely on the default type:

          KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());

  The system will return a keystore implementation for the default type.

- To provide a specific keystore type:

            KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

  The system will return the most preferred implementation of the specified keystore type available in the environment.

Before a keystore can be accessed, it must be `loaded`.

        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());

        // get user password and file input stream
        char[] password = getPassword();
        java.io.FileInputStream fis =
            new java.io.FileInputStream("keyStoreName");
        ks.load(fis, password);
        fis.close();

To create an empty keystore using the above `load` method, pass `null` as the `InputStream` argument.

Once the keystore has been loaded, it is possible to read existing entries from the keystore, or to write new entries into the keystore:

        // get my private key
        KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry pkEntry = (KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry)
            ks.getEntry("privateKeyAlias", password);
        PrivateKey myPrivateKey = pkEntry.getPrivateKey();

        // save my secret key
        javax.crypto.SecretKey mySecretKey;
        KeyStore.SecretKeyEntry skEntry =
            new KeyStore.SecretKeyEntry(mySecretKey);
        ks.setEntry("secretKeyAlias", skEntry, password);

        // store away the keystore
        java.io.FileOutputStream fos =
            new java.io.FileOutputStream("newKeyStoreName");
        ks.store(fos, password);
        fos.close();

Note that although the same password may be used to load the keystore, to protect the private key entry, to protect the secret key entry, and to store the keystore (as is shown in the sample code above), different passwords or other protection parameters may also be used.

Since:
  1.2
See Also:
  `PrivateKey`, `SecretKey`, `Certificate`

Nested Class Summary
`static class` | `KeyStore.Builder` A description of a to-be-instantiated KeyStore object.
`static class` | `KeyStore.CallbackHandlerProtection` A ProtectionParameter encapsulating a CallbackHandler.
`static interface` | `KeyStore.Entry` A marker interface for `KeyStore` entry types.
`static interface` | `KeyStore.LoadStoreParameter` A marker interface for `KeyStore` `load` and `store` parameters.
`static class` | `KeyStore.PasswordProtection` A password-based implementation of `ProtectionParameter`.
`static class` | `KeyStore.PrivateKeyEntry` A `KeyStore` entry that holds a `PrivateKey` and corresponding certificate chain.
`static interface` | `KeyStore.ProtectionParameter` A marker interface for keystore protection parameters.
`static class` | `KeyStore.SecretKeyEntry` A `KeyStore` entry that holds a `SecretKey`.
`static class` | `KeyStore.TrustedCertificateEntry` A `KeyStore` entry that holds a trusted `Certificate`.

Constructor Summary
`protected` | `KeyStore(KeyStoreSpi keyStoreSpi, Provider provider, String type)` Creates a KeyStore object of the given type, and encapsulates the given provider implementation (SPI object) in it.

Method Summary
`Enumeration<String>` | `aliases()` Lists all the alias names of this keystore.
`boolean` | `containsAlias(String alias)` Checks if the given alias exists in this keystore.
`void` | `deleteEntry(String alias)` Deletes the entry identified by the given alias from this keystore.
`boolean` | `entryInstanceOf(String alias, Class<? extends KeyStore.Entry> entryClass)` Determines if the keystore `Entry` for the specified `alias` is an instance or subclass of the specified `entryClass`.
`Certificate` | `getCertificate(String alias)` Returns the certificate associated with the given alias.
`String` | `getCertificateAlias(Certificate cert)` Returns the (alias) name of the first keystore entry whose certificate matches the given certificate.
`Certificate[]` | `getCertificateChain(String alias)` Returns the certificate chain associated with the given alias.
`Date` | `getCreationDate(String alias)` Returns the creation date of the entry identified by the given alias.
`static String` | `getDefaultType()` Returns the default keystore type as specified in the Java security properties file, or the string "jks" (acronym for "Java keystore") if no such property exists.
`KeyStore.Entry` | `getEntry(String alias, KeyStore.ProtectionParameter protParam)` Gets a keystore `Entry` for the specified alias with the specified protection parameter.
`static KeyStore` | `getInstance(String type)` Generates a keystore object of the given type.
`static KeyStore` | `getInstance(String type, Provider provider)` Generates a keystore object for the specified keystore type from the specified provider.
`static KeyStore` | `getInstance(String type, String provider)` Generates a keystore object for the specified keystore type from the specified provider.
`Key` | `getKey(String alias, char[] password)` Returns the key associated with the given alias, using the given password to recover it.
`Provider` | `getProvider()` Returns the provider of this keystore.
`String` | `getType()` Returns the type of this keystore.
`boolean` | `isCertificateEntry(String alias)` Returns true if the entry identified by the given alias was created by a call to `setCertificateEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `TrustedCertificateEntry`.
`boolean` | `isKeyEntry(String alias)` Returns true if the entry identified by the given alias was created by a call to `setKeyEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `PrivateKeyEntry` or a `SecretKeyEntry`.
`void` | `load(InputStream stream, char[] password)` Loads this KeyStore from the given input stream.
`void` | `load(KeyStore.LoadStoreParameter param)` Loads this keystore using the given `LoadStoreParameter`.
`void` | `setCertificateEntry(String alias, Certificate cert)` Assigns the given trusted certificate to the given alias.
`void` | `setEntry(String alias, KeyStore.Entry entry, KeyStore.ProtectionParameter protParam)` Saves a keystore `Entry` under the specified alias.
`void` | `setKeyEntry(String alias, byte[] key, Certificate[] chain)` Assigns the given key (that has already been protected) to the given alias.
`void` | `setKeyEntry(String alias, Key key, char[] password, Certificate[] chain)` Assigns the given key to the given alias, protecting it with the given password.
`int` | `size()` Retrieves the number of entries in this keystore.
`void` | `store(KeyStore.LoadStoreParameter param)` Stores this keystore using the given `LoadStoreParameter`.
`void` | `store(OutputStream stream, char[] password)` Stores this keystore to the given output stream, and protects its integrity with the given password.

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

Constructor Detail

### KeyStore

    protected KeyStore(KeyStoreSpi keyStoreSpi,
                       Provider provider,
                       String type)

  Creates a KeyStore object of the given type, and encapsulates the given provider implementation (SPI object) in it.

  Parameters:
    `keyStoreSpi` - the provider implementation.
    `provider` - the provider.
    `type` - the keystore type.

Method Detail

### getInstance

    public static KeyStore getInstance(String type)
                                throws KeyStoreException

  Generates a keystore object of the given type.

  If the default provider package provides a keystore implementation of the given type, an instance of `KeyStore` containing that implementation is returned. If the requested keystore type is not available in the default package, other packages are searched.

  Parameters:
    `type` - the type of keystore. See Appendix A in the Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification & Reference for information about standard keystore types.
  Returns:
    a keystore object of the specified type.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the requested keystore type is not available in the default provider package or any of the other provider packages that were searched.

### getInstance

    public static KeyStore getInstance(String type,
                                       String provider)
                                throws KeyStoreException,
                                       NoSuchProviderException

  Generates a keystore object for the specified keystore type from the specified provider.

  Parameters:
    `type` - the type of keystore. See Appendix A in the Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification & Reference for information about standard keystore types.
    `provider` - the name of the provider.
  Returns:
    a keystore object of the specified type, as supplied by the specified provider.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the requested keystore type is not available from the provider.
    `NoSuchProviderException` - if the provider has not been configured.
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if the provider name is null or empty.
  See Also:
    `Provider`

### getInstance

    public static KeyStore getInstance(String type,
                                       Provider provider)
                                throws KeyStoreException

  Generates a keystore object for the specified keystore type from the specified provider. Note: the `provider` doesn't have to be registered.

  Parameters:
    `type` - the type of keystore. See Appendix A in the Java Cryptography Architecture API Specification & Reference for information about standard keystore types.
    `provider` - the provider.
  Returns:
    a keystore object of the specified type, as supplied by the specified provider.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the requested keystore type is not available from the provider.
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if the `provider` is null.
  Since:
    1.4
  See Also:
    `Provider`

### getDefaultType

    public static final String getDefaultType()

  Returns the default keystore type as specified in the Java security properties file, or the string "jks" (acronym for "Java keystore") if no such property exists. The Java security properties file is located in the file named <JAVA_HOME>/lib/security/java.security, where <JAVA_HOME> refers to the directory where the JDK was installed.

  The default keystore type can be used by applications that do not want to use a hard-coded keystore type when calling one of the `getInstance` methods, and want to provide a default keystore type in case a user does not specify its own.

  The default keystore type can be changed by setting the value of the "keystore.type" security property (in the Java security properties file) to the desired keystore type.

  Returns:
    the default keystore type as specified in the Java security properties file, or the string "jks" if no such property exists.

### getProvider

    public final Provider getProvider()

  Returns the provider of this keystore.

  Returns:
    the provider of this keystore.

### getType

    public final String getType()

  Returns the type of this keystore.

  Returns:
    the type of this keystore.

### getKey

    public final Key getKey(String alias,
                            char[] password)
                     throws KeyStoreException,
                            NoSuchAlgorithmException,
                            UnrecoverableKeyException

  Returns the key associated with the given alias, using the given password to recover it. The key must have been associated with the alias by a call to `setKeyEntry`, or by a call to `setEntry` with a `PrivateKeyEntry` or `SecretKeyEntry`.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
    `password` - the password for recovering the key
  Returns:
    the requested key, or null if the given alias does not exist or does not identify a key-related entry.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).
    `NoSuchAlgorithmException` - if the algorithm for recovering the key cannot be found
    `UnrecoverableKeyException` - if the key cannot be recovered (e.g., the given password is wrong).

### getCertificateChain

    public final Certificate[] getCertificateChain(String alias)
                                            throws KeyStoreException

  Returns the certificate chain associated with the given alias. The certificate chain must have been associated with the alias by a call to `setKeyEntry`, or by a call to `setEntry` with a `PrivateKeyEntry`.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
  Returns:
    the certificate chain (ordered with the user's certificate first and the root certificate authority last), or null if the given alias does not exist or does not contain a certificate chain
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### getCertificate

    public final Certificate getCertificate(String alias)
                                     throws KeyStoreException

  Returns the certificate associated with the given alias.

  If the given alias name identifies an entry created by a call to `setCertificateEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `TrustedCertificateEntry`, then the trusted certificate contained in that entry is returned.

  If the given alias name identifies an entry created by a call to `setKeyEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `PrivateKeyEntry`, then the first element of the certificate chain in that entry is returned.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
  Returns:
    the certificate, or null if the given alias does not exist or does not contain a certificate.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### getCreationDate

    public final Date getCreationDate(String alias)
                               throws KeyStoreException

  Returns the creation date of the entry identified by the given alias.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
  Returns:
    the creation date of this entry, or null if the given alias does not exist
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### setKeyEntry

    public final void setKeyEntry(String alias,
                                  Key key,
                                  char[] password,
                                  Certificate[] chain)
                           throws KeyStoreException

  Assigns the given key to the given alias, protecting it with the given password.

  If the given key is of type `java.security.PrivateKey`, it must be accompanied by a certificate chain certifying the corresponding public key.

  If the given alias already exists, the keystore information associated with it is overridden by the given key (and possibly certificate chain).

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
    `key` - the key to be associated with the alias
    `password` - the password to protect the key
    `chain` - the certificate chain for the corresponding public key (only required if the given key is of type `java.security.PrivateKey`).
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded), the given key cannot be protected, or this operation fails for some other reason

### setKeyEntry

    public final void setKeyEntry(String alias,
                                  byte[] key,
                                  Certificate[] chain)
                           throws KeyStoreException

  Assigns the given key (that has already been protected) to the given alias.

  If the protected key is of type `java.security.PrivateKey`, it must be accompanied by a certificate chain certifying the corresponding public key. If the underlying keystore implementation is of type `jks`, `key` must be encoded as an `EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo` as defined in the PKCS #8 standard.

  If the given alias already exists, the keystore information associated with it is overridden by the given key (and possibly certificate chain).

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
    `key` - the key (in protected format) to be associated with the alias
    `chain` - the certificate chain for the corresponding public key (only useful if the protected key is of type `java.security.PrivateKey`).
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded), or if this operation fails for some other reason.

### setCertificateEntry

    public final void setCertificateEntry(String alias,
                                          Certificate cert)
                                   throws KeyStoreException

  Assigns the given trusted certificate to the given alias.

  If the given alias identifies an existing entry created by a call to `setCertificateEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `TrustedCertificateEntry`, the trusted certificate in the existing entry is overridden by the given certificate.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
    `cert` - the certificate
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized, or the given alias already exists and does not identify an entry containing a trusted certificate, or this operation fails for some other reason.

### deleteEntry

    public final void deleteEntry(String alias)
                           throws KeyStoreException

  Deletes the entry identified by the given alias from this keystore.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized, or if the entry cannot be removed.

### aliases

    public final Enumeration<String> aliases()
                                      throws KeyStoreException

  Lists all the alias names of this keystore.

  Returns:
    enumeration of the alias names
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### containsAlias

    public final boolean containsAlias(String alias)
                                throws KeyStoreException

  Checks if the given alias exists in this keystore.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
  Returns:
    true if the alias exists, false otherwise
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### size

    public final int size()
                   throws KeyStoreException

  Retrieves the number of entries in this keystore.

  Returns:
    the number of entries in this keystore
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### isKeyEntry

    public final boolean isKeyEntry(String alias)
                             throws KeyStoreException

  Returns true if the entry identified by the given alias was created by a call to `setKeyEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `PrivateKeyEntry` or a `SecretKeyEntry`.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias for the keystore entry to be checked
  Returns:
    true if the entry identified by the given alias is a key-related entry, false otherwise.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### isCertificateEntry

    public final boolean isCertificateEntry(String alias)
                                     throws KeyStoreException

  Returns true if the entry identified by the given alias was created by a call to `setCertificateEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `TrustedCertificateEntry`.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias for the keystore entry to be checked
  Returns:
    true if the entry identified by the given alias contains a trusted certificate, false otherwise.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### getCertificateAlias

    public final String getCertificateAlias(Certificate cert)
                                     throws KeyStoreException

  Returns the (alias) name of the first keystore entry whose certificate matches the given certificate.

  This method attempts to match the given certificate with each keystore entry. If the entry being considered was created by a call to `setCertificateEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `TrustedCertificateEntry`, then the given certificate is compared to that entry's certificate.

  If the entry being considered was created by a call to `setKeyEntry`, or created by a call to `setEntry` with a `PrivateKeyEntry`, then the given certificate is compared to the first element of that entry's certificate chain.

  Parameters:
    `cert` - the certificate to match with.
  Returns:
    the alias name of the first entry with a matching certificate, or null if no such entry exists in this keystore.
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).

### store

    public final void store(OutputStream stream,
                            char[] password)
                     throws KeyStoreException,
                            IOException,
                            NoSuchAlgorithmException,
                            CertificateException

  Stores this keystore to the given output stream, and protects its integrity with the given password.

  Parameters:
    `stream` - the output stream to which this keystore is written.
    `password` - the password to generate the keystore integrity check
  Throws:
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).
    `IOException` - if there was an I/O problem with data
    `NoSuchAlgorithmException` - if the appropriate data integrity algorithm could not be found
    `CertificateException` - if any of the certificates included in the keystore data could not be stored

### store

    public final void store(KeyStore.LoadStoreParameter param)
                     throws KeyStoreException,
                            IOException,
                            NoSuchAlgorithmException,
                            CertificateException

  Stores this keystore using the given `LoadStoreParameter`.

  Parameters:
    `param` - the `LoadStoreParameter` that specifies how to store the keystore, which may be `null`
  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if the given `LoadStoreParameter` input is not recognized
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded)
    `IOException` - if there was an I/O problem with data
    `NoSuchAlgorithmException` - if the appropriate data integrity algorithm could not be found
    `CertificateException` - if any of the certificates included in the keystore data could not be stored
  Since:
    1.5

### load

    public final void load(InputStream stream,
                           char[] password)
                    throws IOException,
                           NoSuchAlgorithmException,
                           CertificateException

  Loads this KeyStore from the given input stream.

  A password may be given to unlock the keystore (e.g. the keystore resides on a hardware token device), or to check the integrity of the keystore data. If a password is not given for integrity checking, then integrity checking is not performed.

  In order to create an empty keystore, or if the keystore cannot be initialized from a stream, pass `null` as the `stream` argument.

  Note that if this keystore has already been loaded, it is reinitialized and loaded again from the given input stream.

  Parameters:
    `stream` - the input stream from which the keystore is loaded, or `null`
    `password` - the password used to check the integrity of the keystore, the password used to unlock the keystore, or `null`
  Throws:
    `IOException` - if there is an I/O or format problem with the keystore data, if a password is required but not given, or if the given password was incorrect
    `NoSuchAlgorithmException` - if the algorithm used to check the integrity of the keystore cannot be found
    `CertificateException` - if any of the certificates in the keystore could not be loaded

### load

    public final void load(KeyStore.LoadStoreParameter param)
                    throws IOException,
                           NoSuchAlgorithmException,
                           CertificateException

  Loads this keystore using the given `LoadStoreParameter`.

  Note that if this KeyStore has already been loaded, it is reinitialized and loaded again from the given parameter.

  Parameters:
    `param` - the `LoadStoreParameter` that specifies how to load the keystore, which may be `null`
  Throws:
    `IllegalArgumentException` - if the given `LoadStoreParameter` input is not recognized
    `IOException` - if there is an I/O or format problem with the keystore data
    `NoSuchAlgorithmException` - if the algorithm used to check the integrity of the keystore cannot be found
    `CertificateException` - if any of the certificates in the keystore could not be loaded
  Since:
    1.5

### getEntry

    public final KeyStore.Entry getEntry(String alias,
                                         KeyStore.ProtectionParameter protParam)
                                  throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,
                                         UnrecoverableEntryException,
                                         KeyStoreException

  Gets a keystore `Entry` for the specified alias with the specified protection parameter.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - get the keystore `Entry` for this alias
    `protParam` - the `ProtectionParameter` used to protect the `Entry`, which may be `null`
  Returns:
    the keystore `Entry` for the specified alias, or `null` if there is no such entry
  Throws:
    `NullPointerException` - if `alias` is `null`
    `NoSuchAlgorithmException` - if the algorithm for recovering the entry cannot be found
    `UnrecoverableEntryException` - if the specified `protParam` were insufficient or invalid
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded).
  Since:
    1.5
  See Also:
    `setEntry(String, KeyStore.Entry, KeyStore.ProtectionParameter)`

### setEntry

    public final void setEntry(String alias,
                               KeyStore.Entry entry,
                               KeyStore.ProtectionParameter protParam)
                        throws KeyStoreException

  Saves a keystore `Entry` under the specified alias. The protection parameter is used to protect the `Entry`.

  If an entry already exists for the specified alias, it is overridden.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - save the keystore `Entry` under this alias
    `entry` - the `Entry` to save
    `protParam` - the `ProtectionParameter` used to protect the `Entry`, which may be `null`
  Throws:
    `NullPointerException` - if `alias` or `entry` is `null`
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded), or if this operation fails for some other reason
  Since:
    1.5
  See Also:
    `getEntry(String, KeyStore.ProtectionParameter)`

### entryInstanceOf

    public final boolean entryInstanceOf(String alias,
                                         Class<? extends KeyStore.Entry> entryClass)
                                  throws KeyStoreException

  Determines if the keystore `Entry` for the specified `alias` is an instance or subclass of the specified `entryClass`.

  Parameters:
    `alias` - the alias name
    `entryClass` - the entry class
  Returns:
    true if the keystore `Entry` for the specified `alias` is an instance or subclass of the specified `entryClass`, false otherwise
  Throws:
    `NullPointerException` - if `alias` or `entryClass` is `null`
    `KeyStoreException` - if the keystore has not been initialized (loaded)
  Since:
    1.5

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For further API reference and developer documentation, see Java 2 SDK SE Developer Documentation. That documentation contains more detailed, developer-targeted descriptions, with conceptual overviews, definitions of terms, workarounds, and working code examples.

Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms. Also see the documentation redistribution policy.