Muslim brotherhoods of Senegal This is a list of Muslim groups in Senegal ( and also The Gambia ) . They are active Muslim organizations that can also be found in many other parts of Africa and the Islamic world . The three largest are : The Xaadir ( Qādiriyya ) , the oldest , originally founded in Baghdad by the Sufi mystic Abdul Qādir al-Jilānī in the 12th Century , now pan-Islamic , spread to Senegal in the 18th Century . The Tijaniyyah , the largest in membership , founded in Fez , Morocco by the Algerian born marabout Sīdī 'Aḥmad at-Tijānī . The Mourides , the richest and most active , founded by marabout Cheikh Amadou Bamba ( 1850-1927 ) of French West Africa , now Senegal . The Layene are a smaller sect , centered at Yoff north of Dakar . Categories : Religion in Senegal | Sufi orders In other languages : Français 