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<p align="center">&nbsp;</p>
<p align="center"><u><i><font face="Abilene" size="7" color="#800000">Captain 
John Thomas Buford</font></i></u></p>
<p align="center"><u><i><font face="Abilene" size="7" color="#800000">Battle of 
Point Pleasant<br>
</font><font face="Abilene" color="#800000" size="5">October 10, 1774</font></i></u></p>
<p align="center"><u><i><font face="Abilene" size="5" color="#800000">For those 
who have my new Buford book<br>
please refer to pages 40 through 53</font></i></u></p>
<p align="center">&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">On October 31st, 
1931 in Bedford, Bedford County, Virginia the �Peaks of Otter Chapter� of the 
Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) laid a Memorial Tablet to the memory 
of Captain (John) Thomas Buford and his company of volunteers who fought and 
laid down their lives in the Battle of Point Pleasant which occurred on October 
10th, 1774. They ask the noted historian and author of many history and 
genealogy books; Landon C. Bell, to dedicate the memorial tablet with a speech. 
He did so with the following, historically based, speech. Since many of our 
family were also represented at this famous battle I am going to include it in 
my book. Here is the speech:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">AN ADDRESS<br>
<br>
&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">by Landon C. 
Bell<br>
<br>
&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">to the memory of<br>
<br>
&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">CAPTAIN THOMAS 
BUFORD</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<i><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">(John Thomas 
dropped �John� from his name and went by Thomas)<br>
<br>
&nbsp;</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">and his company 
of Volunteers<br>
<br>
&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">from Bedford 
County, Virginia<br>
<br>
&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">who fought in 
the Battle of Point Pleasant<br>
<br>
&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">October 10, 1774</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The event which 
this occasion celebrates occurred in the year 1774. But it will serve a purpose 
to pass in brief review some events of the history of earlier decades. </span>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In October, 
1728, Colonel William Byrd, then engaged in running the dividing line between 
Virginia and North Carolina, had a controversy with the North Carolina 
Commissioners as to whether the line should be run farther West that what is now 
Mecklenburg County. At that point the line was, to use the language of the 
report, �near 50 miles without the inhabitants had then been made.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The North 
Carolinians claimed that there would be no need to run the line any further West 
for �an age or two,� as, so they claimed, no settlements would be made that far 
West within that time. There is evidence that the North Carolina Commissioners 
had come poorly prepared for the arduous work of surveying the line through the 
uninhabited region, and that the exhaustion of the supplies and unwillingness to 
endure the hardships made them anxious to abandon the work. Anyway, Colonel Byrd 
records that they remained as long as he had any liquor, and then leaving him 
�high and dry,� went home, assigning as the reason that the line had been run 
far enough for future purposes for �an age or two.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Colonel Byrd 
thought otherwise, and continued with his own party to run the line many miles 
farther westward, believing that �the goodness of the soil,� and �the fondness 
of all Degrees of People to take up Land,� would result in the early settlement 
of the region.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In 1733, an 
entry in Colonel Byrd�s writings shows that Peter Mitchell, whose tenement was 
about six miles westward of the fork of the Staunton and the Dan was �The 
highest Inhabitant on Roanoke River,� � that is to say, this was the most 
westerly settlement known on that watershed.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In 1738, an Act 
was passed exempting from taxation for ten years persons who might settle on the 
South branch of the Roanoke River, above the fork, and on the North branch of 
the Roanoke above the mouth of Little Roanoke. The provisions of this act 
applied to all that section later created into Bedford County, which was 
originally embraced in Lunenburg County.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Two streams of 
population flowed into this section, one from the lower regions of the Roanoke 
and its tributaries, such as the Meherrin and the Nottoway; the other from the 
fertile valley of the James. It is impossible certainly to know by which route 
or from which general section the greater part of the first pioneers of the 
Bedford region came.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The influx of 
settlers upon the waters of the Roanoke, West of what is now Brunswick County, 
was so great, and the population at that great distance from Brunswick 
Courthouse so large that a new county was imperatively needed. It became 
necessary to repeal the exemption from taxes made by the Act of 1738, two years 
before its expiration and to create a new county for the convenience of the new 
frontiersmen. Lunenburg County was created by an act passed in 1745, to be 
effective May 1, 1746.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Of the twelve 
Gentlemen Justices named in the Commission of the Peace, at least two of them 
were from that part of Lunenburg later to be created into Bedford County. These 
were John Phelps and Matthew Talbot.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">They are both 
fairly entitled to rank among the first of the founding fathers of Bedford, for 
they were, doubtless, among its earliest settlers, and were first in the 
Commission of the Peace for organizing Bedford County, and it was at the house 
of Matthew Talbot that the first court was held when the county was organized.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The areas now 
embraced in Bedford, Campbell and Charlotte counties grew in population so 
rapidly that within eight years after Lunenburg County was created, much of the 
fairest part of her princely domain was erected into Bedford County. This was in 
1754, only twenty six years after the North Carolina Commissioners thought the 
country would not be settle farther West than Mecklenburg for an age or two, and 
twenty years only before her gallant sons were to march to the Battle of Point 
Pleasant.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">One of the lists 
of tithes for Lunenburg County for 1748 was taken by John Phelps, in the 
precinct embracing the watershed on the North side of the Roanoke, from the 
Mouth of Falling River to the top of the Blue Ridge. This embraced most of what 
is now Bedford and Campbell and a part of Franklin Counties. It then contained 
128 taxpayers, paying on 194 tithes; or a total population of probably 640 
persons.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">By 1752 these 
seem to have increased to 299 tithes, a net gain of 105 tithes taxed to 178 
individuals, or a population of probably not more than 900 persons.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Just what the 
growth was within the next two years we do not know, but it was doubtless 
substantial, for the population was by that time deemed numerous enough to 
justify forming a new county.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Bedford County 
came into existence during the troubled era of the French and Indian Wars; and 
those who were its early settlers braved a very real danger from the Indians.&nbsp; 
The energetic measurers against the English inaugurated by Galissoniere, 
Governor of Canada, the success of the French in making allies of the Indians; 
the expedition of young George Washington to Fort LeBoeuf; the hostilities 
between the English and the French and Indians, the debacle of Braddock�s 
defeat, all came in rapid succession.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The Governor and 
the House of Burgesses were at cross purposes; funds were meagerly voted; 
soldiers were few, and the frontier upon which at any point the Indians might 
attack, lay practically unprotected and in fact impossible of being effectively 
protected for hundreds of miles.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In 1756, under 
Governor Dinwiddie�s leadership, the General Assembly ordered a chain of forts 
built �to begin,� says the Act �at Henry Enoch�s on Great-Cape-Capon, in the 
County of Hampshire, and to extend to the South-Fork of Mayo-River, in the 
County of Halifax.� This line of forts, forming a sort of irregular crescent, 
passed some distance Westward of Bedford. Among them were the Fort at Draper�s 
Meadow; Fort George, where Salem now stands, Fort Harris on Mayo River, Fort Hog 
on the Roanoke, Fort McNeil, in Montgomery County, Captain Terry�s Fort on the 
Blackwater, and Fort William in Botetourt. There were at least fourteen of these 
forts, and the calls upon the Western counties to man them and otherwise defend 
the frontier, were frequent and long continued. An incomplete record shows that 
Bedford furnished at least 485 men to the Colonial Wars against the Indians and 
the French.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">By 1760 the 
so-called French and Indian Wars were at an end. England was triumphant 
everywhere, and the Treaty of Paris in 1763 put an end to the claim of the 
French King to possessions in the new world.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">But, while the 
French were thus eliminated as an active factor, Indian warfare continued.&nbsp; A 
treaty in Paris between the French and the English could not stop that.&nbsp; </span>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In fact the 
results of that treaty but intensified, or at least led to the intensification 
of the Indian hostility. The Peace with the French and the extinguishment of 
their claim to the valley of the Mississippi were followed by emigrants rushing 
into that territory in greatly increased numbers.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The Indians 
looked upon this development with sullen resentment. &nbsp;Their hunting grounds had 
been from time to time restricted; in 1720 the Blue Ridge was made the boundary 
line between the possessions of the white and the red men; in 1744 it was made a 
line extending from the Potomac approximately through the sites of the present 
cities of Martinsburg, Winchester and Staunton, in the Shenandoah Valley. In 
1768, in a treaty between the English and the Six Nations, the Ohio was made the 
boundary line.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Under a 
proclamation of the British King of 1763, soldiers of the French and Indian Wars 
were entitled to certain bounty lands. When the peace was made with the French, 
those entitled to these lands flocked to the Ohio to have them surveyed. It took 
some time for the claims to be audited and certified and the warrants issued, 
and the machinery set in motion for surveying and granting the land. But in 
January, 1774, William Preston, the surveyor of Fincastle County, which county 
then embraced all the territory South of the Ohio River below the mouth of the 
great Kanawha, gave notice to officers and soldiers holding warrants under the 
proclamation of 1763 to meet his deputies at the mouth of the Great Kanawha on 
April 14, 1774, in order to have their lands located.&nbsp; When his deputies, John 
Floyd and Hancock Taylor, reached that place, forty-three men were there 
awaiting them. The party divided and one group went down the river to the mouth 
of Little Guyandotte. There were other parties or surveyors at work on the same 
business. Ebenezer Zane at the mouth of the Big Sandy, George Rogers Clark at 
the mouth of the Little Kanawha, Michael Crasap at Long Reach, in what is now 
Tyler County. West Virginia.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Some time before 
this, the Shawnees, Delawares, Wyandots, Mingoes, Miamis, Ottawas, Illinois and 
other tribes, in a great convention or congress held on the Scioto River, formed 
themselves into a great Northwestern Confederacy, declared by the historian 
Virgil A. Lewis to have been �the most powerful that ever menaced the frontiers 
or confronted English civilization in America.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">These tribes, or 
at least some of them had been, or were supposed to have been the allies and 
dependents of the Six Nations, and bound by the treaty of Fort Stanwix of 1768, 
making the Ohio the boundary between the white and the red men. But they now, in 
effect at least, ignored and repudiated that treaty. They determined to reassert 
their rights to their hunting grounds now relentlessly slipping into the control 
of the white man. It does not seem clear how far Eastward they designed to 
re-establish their sway, but they certainly designed to expel the White men from 
the basin of the Ohio. Thus when the Indians captured Thomas Green, Lawrence 
Darnell and William Nash, who were prospecting for land near the mouth of 
Lawrence Creek, in what is now Mason County, Kentucky, after holding a council 
over them for three days, the Indians sent them away, telling them that 
�Henceforth, all Virginians found on the Ohio would be killed.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The Indians 
placed at the head of their great confederacy the famous Shawnee Chieftain, 
Keigh-tugh-qua, meaning Cornstalk, or the chief support of his people. And hence 
it is that he is known to history as �Cornstalk.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In the Spring of 
1774, when the white men assembled at various places on the South side of the 
Ohio to survey their lands, the Indians were already organized in this great 
Confederacy on the North side, determined to keep the valley of the Ohio for 
themselves.&nbsp; Under these circumstances, conflict sooner or later was inevitable; 
and a few minor clashes were not long in occurring; for example, the surveying 
party near the mouth of the Little Kanawha had an engagement with the Indians 
and withdrew and joined Cresap�s men and all proceeded to Wheeling.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">On April 30th, 
1774, a party of whites under Daniel Greathouse killed ten Indians, some of them 
of the family of Logan, the Mingo Chieftain. It was claimed that it was an 
unnecessary and unjustified killing on the part of the whites. But the dogs of 
war were soon to be let loose, as a result in part at least of this occurrence. 
On May 6th following, Valentine Crawford wrote Colonel George Washington that 
the massacre of Logan�s people had almost ruined the settlement West of the 
Monongahela. He declared that more than a thousand people crossed the river in a 
single day going Eastward, away from the fury of the Indians. Terror reigned on 
the whole Western frontier; Indian atrocities were committed almost daily and 
the situation became so alarming and so widespread that the House of Burgesses 
called upon the Governor, Lord Dunmore, to use the powers with which he was 
invested �to repel the hostile and perfidious attempts of those savage and 
barbarous Enemies.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In compliance 
with that action of the Burgesses, Dunmore decided to make the East bank of the 
Ohio the line of his defense, or if found possible, to invade the Indian 
territory and take the Shawnee Capitol on the Pickaway Plains, in the valley of 
the Scioto River.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">But Lord 
Dunmore, even in war, like his predecessor, Craddock, in things military, moved 
with leisure, and lost no opportunity to enjoy the elegancies and luxuries of 
the Colonial establishment. He started out to take the field against the 
Indians. But on the way he dallied for a time at �Rose-gill� the palatial home 
of Ralph Wormsley, a member of the King�s Council, in Middlesex County. Here he 
received, or at least answered a letter from that sturdy frontiersman Andrew 
Lewis, at that time County-Lieutenant of Botetourt County.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Evidently not 
knowing of the measures taken by the Burgesses, Lewis had written the Governor 
an alarming letter regarding conditions in the Greenbrier Valley and in the</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">New River 
section. It was easy to surmise they were worse on the Ohio and in the Kanawha 
region. Dunmore was, doubtless, glad to get the letter. He wrote Lewis asking 
him to raise all the men willing and able to follow him, and march to the mouth 
of the Great Kanawha and build a fort, and if he felt able, that is if he had 
force enough, to proceed directly to the Indian towns and destroy them and their 
magazines; and he added, distress them in every way that is possible.� Also the 
Royal Governor suggested, �If you can keep a communication open between you and 
Fort Wheeling (Fort Fincastle) and Fort Dunmore (at Pittsburgh), I am well 
persuaded you will prevent them (the Indians) from crossing the Ohio any more, 
and consequently from giving any further uneasiness to the inhabitants on that 
river.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">He added: �I am 
now on my way up to the Blue Ridge from whence there is already marched a large 
body of Men.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">This large body 
of men already marched to which Dunmore referred, was a force under Major Angus 
McDonald of Frederick County, Virginia. He was, it seems, the officer who made 
the initial or preliminary movement in the Dunmore war. He erected Fort Henry at 
Wheeling, went on the Wokatomica Campaign into the Ohio wilderness; and later 
marched with Dunmore to the Pickaway Plains.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">But to recur to 
Lewis; Dunmore moved on from �Rose-gill� to Greenway Court� the house of Lord 
Fairfax, in the Lower Shenandoah Valley; and twelve days after his letter to 
Lewis from �Rose-gill� he wrote him another, asking Lewis �to raise a 
respectable body of men and join� him either at the mouth of the Great Kanawha 
or at Wheeling.&nbsp; The Governor added: �Forward this letter to Colonel William 
Preston with the greatest dispatch, as I want his assistance, as well as that of 
your brother, Charles Lewis. I need not inform you how necessary dispatch is.&nbsp;
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">General Lewis 
acted with the greatest energy. He was one of, and in an important sense the 
ranking leader of a group of hardy frontier soldiers who had seen service 
through the entire period of the French and Indian Wars. There lived in or round 
about Botetourt, Colonel William Fleming, at �Belmont� now in Montgomery County; 
Colonel William Preston, County Lieutenant and Surveyor of Fincastle, residing 
at �Smithfield,�</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">now Blacksburg, 
in Montgomery County; Colonel William Christian, who lived at �Dunkard�s 
Bottom,� on New River, in what is now Pulaski County; and Colonel Charles Lewis, 
County Lieutenant of Augusta County, who resided near the present town of 
Williamsville, on the Cowpasture River, in what is now Bath County, Virginia.
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">General Lewis 
doubtless communicated with these and others: and he called a council of war at 
his home on August 12th; and here plans were perfected for all troops which were 
to serve under him to rendezvous on the Big Levels about seven miles from White 
Sulphur Springs at what is now the town of Lewisburg. This was called Camp 
Union, because there all the forces were to unite, or form a union. It was 
planned that all should be there and ready to march to the Ohio by August 30th.&nbsp;
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">News of the 
stirring developments reached Bedford, but just what was the character of the 
call, if any, other than a keen appreciation of the danger and the necessities 
of the situation, which reached Captain Thomas Buford, I believe, we do not 
know. It is altogether probable that he received a communication from General 
Lewis or from Colonel Fleming, asking him to lend his aid. Realizing the 
situation, the men of Bedford were not slow to make response; and when General 
Lewis at his camp in Greenbrier took account of his forces there were among them 
Captain Thomas Buford of Bedford with his Independent Company of Riflemen, 
consisting of six officers and forty-five privates.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In perfecting 
his organization, General Lewis made up his forces into two regiments and one 
Battalion; The Augusta County Regiment commanded by Colonel Charles Lewis; the 
Botetourt County Regiment commanded by Colonel William Fleming, and the 
Fincastle County Battalion commanded by Colonel William Christian.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Captain Buford�s 
Company of Riflemen was a part of the Botetourt Regiment. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The men who 
composed Lewis� army were used to warfare; but they had for years been fighting 
a defensive war against a steadily treacherous and resourceful foe. Now they 
were to be afforded an opportunity for aggressive warfare, to meet the Indians, 
follow them upon defeat, and destroy their towns, and finally put an end to the 
threat of the Red men, and free the frontier from the dread that was almost ever 
present in the breast of every man because of fear of savage attack upon his 
wife, his children and his home.&nbsp; When this frontier army realized that such was 
to be the nature of the mission upon which they marched, they became impatient 
for the fray. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Lewis� army has 
been well described as �an army of civilized men, encamped on the borderland of 
the Savage Empire.� From any viewpoint, they were an interesting body of men.
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">They were 
principally clad in the picturesque habiliments of the primitive frontier. The 
hunting shirt and leather breeches and leggings were the conspicuous articles of 
the costume; the headgear was home made from the skins of animals or knit from 
wool.&nbsp; Most men carried both a butcher knife and tomahawk�not the Indian 
tomahawk, but a narrow, slender hatchet of steel; the flint�lock rifle was the 
rule, the water-proof skin pouches and the gracefully curving powder horns, many 
quaintly and even artistically carved, completed the equipment.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">There were here 
and there officers in uniform, of the British Colonial regulation; but many, 
even of the officers, made no pretense at wearing anything except the ordinary 
civilian garb.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">But when we look 
through the inconsequential externals to things worthy of more important 
consideration, what a group of men do we behold! Some had been with Washington 
at Fort Necessity; some with Braddock upon the field of his fate on the 
Monongahela, and �others with Forbes at the capture of Fort Duquesne; and still 
others with� Colonel Henry Boquet on his expedition into the Ohio wilderness.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none"><b><i>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">(The men who 
fought at Point Pleasant were they, who in the main, shaped</span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none"><b><i>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">the destiny of 
the Revolution in the West, and became the post Revolutionary</span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none"><b><i>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">leaders in 
Western affairs.)</span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none"><b><i>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The men of the 
army under Lewis, almost to a man, had seen military service before, and were by 
instinct, tradition and experience, familiar with the methods of Indian 
warfare.&nbsp; They were the hardy pioneers of the heroic days of our history.&nbsp;
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Lewis, the 
historian of the Battle of Point Pleasant, with possibly not much exaggeration, 
has declared that Lewis� army as it prepared to march �was the most remarkable 
body of men that had ever assembled on the American frontier,� and Roosevelt, 
though not always accurate as an historian, was strictly so in this instance, 
when he declared:&nbsp; �It may be doubted if a braver or physically finer set of men 
will ever get together on this continent.�</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">From Camp Union, 
Lewis marched in separate detachments. Colonel Charles Lewis marched first, on 
September 8, 1774, with the Augusta Regiment and Colonel Stuart�s Company of 
Botetourt Regiment, over a trackless route across the Allegheny Mountains, 103 
miles, taking along 108 beeves, 500 pack horses, carrying 54,000 pounds of 
flour.&nbsp; His first destination was the mouth of Elk River � now Charleston, West 
Virginia. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Six days later, 
on September 12th, the Botetourt Regiment set out. It was with this force, 
commanded by Colonel William Fleming, that General Lewis marched. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Captain Buford�s 
Bedford Riflemen were a part of the force which marched under General Lewis and 
Colonel Fleming. They reached the mouth of Elk � Charleston, in ten days on 
September 22, 1774.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The final 
detachment, the Fincastle Battalion, marched on September 27th and reached the 
mouth of Elk in eight days, October 6th.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">On the day 
Colonel Christian reached the mouth of Elk, General Lewis reached the confluence 
of the Great Kanawha and the Ohio Rivers. It was at this time that the place 
received its name. Colonel Fleming has recorded the facts. Says he: �It was a 
magnificent scene. The dense forest clothed in its autumnal tints; and the river 
at low-water, with the Ohio resembling a lake and the Great Kanawha an estuary, 
the whole landscape presenting an enchanting scene. An army of weary men 
appreciated it, and bestowed upon it the name of Camp Point Pleasant.�</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">On August 30, 
1774, Lord Dunmore wrote General Lewis, asking him to join him at the mouth of 
the Little Kanawha, thus changing the plans for Lewis as outlined in his letter 
of July 24th.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Lewis received 
this letter on September 5, and replied that it was too late for him to change 
his route to the Ohio. Just why Lewis could not march to meet Dunmore as 
requested is not clear. All his forces were still encamped at Camp Union.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The 
probabilities are that the change in plans did not appeal to his judgment, and 
he followed the course he preferred, knowing that the Governor could not well 
question any reason he might assign for failure to do as he was requested.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The Battle of 
Point Pleasant was fought October 10, 1774, seven years more than a century and 
a half ago, today. </span><i>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">(remember this 
speech was given on the 10th of October 1931)</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">It was Monday. 
On the previous day General Lewis� scouts reported that there were no Indians 
within fifteen miles of the camp.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">At that time 
Lord Dunmore was on the Northwest bank of the Ohio, at the mouth of the 
Hockhocking River, now in Athens County, Ohio; Colonel Christian was on the 
North bank of the Great Kanawha about twenty-five miles from Point Pleasant; 
Captain Slaughter with the Dunmore Volunteers was at the mouth of Elk, and 
Captain Anthony Bledsoe was still at Camp Union in Greenbrier. Such were the 
locations and dispositions</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">of the forces at 
the time of the battle.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">While on the 9th 
of October the scouts had reported no Indians within fifteen miles, yet with 
stealthy tread they were approaching. The Indian scouts had reported the 
progress of Lewis� army to the Shawnee Capitol on the pickaway Plains. The 
Indians were, of course, also advised of Dunmore�s movements. They decided to 
attack Lewis before he crossed the Ohio.&nbsp; It was Cornstalk�s plan to meet the 
two armies separately; with Lewis� army destroyed, he would then turn upon 
Dunmore and shoot down his men in the narrow defiles of the Hockhocking.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The Indians in 
great force approached the Ohio on Sunday, October 9th, halting in the dense 
forests of the valley of Campaign Creek in Gallia County, Ohio, about three 
miles above the mouth of the Great Kanawha. After dark they crossed the Ohio on 
seventy-nine rafts which had been previously prepared, and before morning were 
on the Southern side of the river, only a few miles from Lewis� Camp. From this 
place, to attack Lewis they planned to march by route through the bottom lands 
where the growth of timber and foliage was so dense as to almost exclude the 
light. It was the plan of the Indians to march under such cover, as well as the 
cover of darkness, and attack the sleeping forces of Lewis� army. And, says 
Lewis, the historian of this battle:&nbsp; �Had that vast barbarian column swept down 
in the darkness of the morning upon Lewis� army of sleeping Virginians, it would 
have been doomed not only to defeat but to total destruction.�</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Fortunately, the 
Indians were encountered by two young men from Lewis� army sent out to kill some 
deer. They were fired upon by the Indians, and immediately endeavored to return 
to Lewis� camp. One of them, however was killed by a white renegade, but the 
other succeeded in reaching camp. He reported that there were five acres of land 
covered by Indians as thick as they could stand. Lewis immediately formed his 
men into two divisions to take the field; one was under Colonel Charles Lewis, 
the other under Colonel Fleming. Captain Buford and his Bedford men were a part 
of Colonel Fleming�s detail.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In the advance, 
Colonel Fleming�s Division marched on the left, holding close to the bank of the 
Ohio; Colonel Charles Lewis marched on the right, and both forces were 
completely engaged by the Indians. Lewis� force was attacked by a combined force 
of Shawnees, Delawares, Mingoes and Ottawas and of several other nations � the 
attacking force being estimated at from 800 to 1000 braves. Lewis received a 
wound from which he died in a few hours, and a considerable number of his men 
fell on the spot.&nbsp; The attack upon Colonel Fleming�s force was even more 
determined. On the field Fleming was heard constantly among his men exhorting 
them: �Don�t lose an inch of ground; advance; outflank the enemy.� He received 
two balls through his left arm and was shot through the breast � a gaping wound 
from which his lungs protruded. He gave his last command: �Keep between them and 
the river,� and with the greatest coolness retired to the camp.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">It was necessary 
to throw seven companies to the reinforcement of Lewis� right wing.&nbsp; This left 
few, if any reinforcements which, even in an emergency, could have been sent to 
the left wing. But it held its ground. The fighting, from behind trees, logs and 
other natural cover, was vigorous and long continued.&nbsp; Evidently, the Indians 
gave way in retreat, but to take advantage of it required cautious judgment; for 
to become too much exposed in following up a retreat meant danger, even 
disaster. But the Virginians pressed them back with vigor, until it was too 
dangerous, because of the favorable ground the Indians occupied to go farther. 
The battle line was now continuous, and well defined and extended over a front 
of about a mile and a quarter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">From early 
morning until after one o�clock the battle raged as an active conflict; from 
that time on until night the respective parties held their ground, and the 
fighting became more tedious. When night came, under the cover of darkness the 
Indians, realizing they had lost the battle, made a safe retreat.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Unfortunately, 
we know of no detailed account of the part Captain Buford and his men of Bedford 
had in that great, history making conflict. How much we wish that some member of 
that band had left for posterity a journal recounting what took place, and what 
they did.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">We know that in 
the battle Captain Buford was mortally wounded and died in camp October 10, 1774 
and was buried at Point Pleasant.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The family from 
which Captain Buford sprang was one of which any commonwealth might well be 
proud. His immigrant ancestor, Richard Beauford, was in Virginia as early as 
1635, and another of his ancestors was a member of the House of Burgesses in 
1676 and 1677 a hundred years before the beginning of the Revolution.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Captain Thomas 
Buford�s full name was John Thomas Buford � but he never used the �John.� He was 
born in Culpeper County in 1736, and in 1756 married Anna Watts, who was two 
years his junior. He was a Sergeant under Braddock; and a Lieutenant under 
Colonel Washington in 1758, and under William Byrd in 1759. His bounty claims 
for his various services, after his death, were acquired by his brother Colonel 
Abraham Buford, who had a memorable part in the Revolution. Colonel Buford had 
the lands located below the Big Sandy River, in what is now the State of 
Kentucky.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Captain Buford 
left three children: </span><b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">John Buford</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">, 
who at the age of sixteen joined his father�s company and served for three 
years. He was a sergeant of Virginia troops in the Revolution. He married </span>
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Rhoda 
Shrewsbury </span></b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">in 1786. &nbsp;The 
other son, </span><b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">William Buford</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">, 
in 1791 married </span><b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Annie M. Pate</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">, 
and moved first to Kentucky, and thence to Missouri.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The only 
daughter of Captain Thomas Buford, was </span><b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Nancy Buford</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">, 
who married </span><b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Martin Wales</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">, 
in Bedford in 1791. They too moved to Kentucky. All his children, I am informed,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">have left a 
goodly tribe of descendants. </span><i>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">(See below for 
their descendants)</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none"><i>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none"><b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Henry Buford, 
Sr.</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">, 
a brother of Captain Thomas Buford�s grandfather, married Mrs. </span><b>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Mary Parsons</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">, 
and from him descends a goodly tribe of Bufords of Lunenburg, Brunswick, 
Richmond and elsewhere. Without exception, so far as my investigations have 
gone, the members of the family of this name have been respected members of 
their communities, and in a great many instances have been notable for 
intellectual attainments and distinguished in many fields of endeavor. </span>
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Captain Buford 
was evidently educated as a physician, for General Lewis made him one of the 
three members of the medical board of his army on the expedition to Point 
Pleasant.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">Such are the all 
too meager facts of his history.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">In Captain 
Buford�s Company, there was but one Lieutenant, Thomas Dooley. The Ensign of the 
company was Jonathan Cundiff, and the Sergeants were Nicholas Meade, William 
Kennedy, John Fields and Thomas Flipping. In the interest of time, I must omit 
to call the roll of the heroic privates of that gallant band. It is the less 
necessary now that they are before you preserved in this enduring bronze.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">It is fitting 
and fortunate that descendants and kinsmen of Captain Buford, and of Lieutenant 
Cundiff, and of their compatriots in arms, are here today to participate in 
these ceremonies and see and to share the honors that are bestowed upon their 
kinsmen.&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The facts of 
their personal history are all too meagerly known. But it is not necessary that 
we know the details of their individual performances. It would be interesting to 
know these, but it is not essential. We know their names, we know their 
collective achievement, we know the results; and hence we know the measure of 
the honor that is their due.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">The result of 
the battle which they won upon that field of blood and glory at Point Pleasant, 
was that the Indians never thereafter seriously menaced the whites South of the 
Ohio; and in fact that battle was, above all others, the battle which finally 
and forever broke the power of the Indians, and made them realize that the white 
man had become the master of this continent.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">By some, the 
battle of Point Pleasant has been called the last battle of the Colonial Wars 
with the Indians; by some it has been called the first battle of the 
Revolutionary conflict, and by one historian it is said that this battle �stands 
out conspicuously midway between two great divisions of American History � the 
Colonial and the Revolutionary Periods but apparently without connection with 
either.�&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">But that battle, 
while not a battle of that war, had a most important influence upon the result 
of the Revolutionary struggle. The more that struggle as a whole is studied, the 
more important become the operations upon the Western front during the 
Revolution. In song and story, as well as in history, we have heard of the 
glorious deed of General Washington, of General Greene, of Lafayette, of Light 
Horse Harry Lee, and of the soldiers who fought from Bunker Hill to Fort 
Ninety-six; of the valor of King�s Mountain, <span style="color:black">of 
Guilford, and the final glorious triumph at Yorktown, which we are now about to</span>
<span style="color:black">fittingly celebrate.</span>&nbsp; </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
And while we have not heard too much of them, and they are entitled to all the 
honor</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style">
<span style="color:black">accorded them, we have heard too little of George 
Rogers Clark and his men who held</span> <span style="color:black">the foes at 
bay upon the Western front. If they had not done what they did, Washington could 
not have triumphed.&nbsp; </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
And George Rogers Clark and his men in the Revolution could not have achieved 
what they did, and could not have made themselves masters of the Western front 
if it had not been for the breaking of the Indian power at Point Pleasant.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">So 
these men, Captain Thomas Buford and his men of Bedford, like Michelangelo, 
builded better than they knew; they fought, all unknowing it, for Liberty, and 
for the Independence of these United States. And they fought, knowingly, for 
worthy purpose.&nbsp; They fought for the safety of their firesides, for the 
protection of their homes and their families, for the rule of law, and for the 
rights and fruits of civilization.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
They fought for those ideals of right and justice which since time began have 
inspired the best of every generation to their noblest efforts.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">It 
is fitting that those of this generation who inherit this fair Bedford for which 
they fought, would have been inspired to bring from the majestic mountain which 
they loved, this piece of granite, and inscribe their names upon imperishable 
bronze, and build to their memory this beautiful memorial. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">It 
is fitting that the world should know, and especially that the descendants of 
these men and their children�s children to the end of time shall know that 
these, their ancestors, helped to write an heroic chapter of our history, and 
have left them a glorious heritage of valor and a legacy of imperishable honor.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Roster of Captain Thomas Buford�s Company</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">of 
Bedford County, Virginia, Volunteers</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Thomas Dooley, Lieutenant</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Jonathan Cundiff, Ensign</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Nicholas Mead, Sergeant</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Kennedy, Sergeant</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Fields, Sergeant</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Thomas Flipping, Sergeant</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Abraham Sharp on Comd.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Absalom McClanahan</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Bryant</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William McAllister</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
James McBride</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Carter</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Overstreet</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Robert Hill</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Samuel Davis</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Zachariah Kennot</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Augustine Hackworth</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Cook</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Uriah Squires</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Thomas Hall</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Hamrick</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Nathaniel Cooper</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Cook</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Mr. Waugh, cadet</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John McGlahlen</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Campbell</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Campbell</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Adam Lin</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Thomas Stephens</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Kerr</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Garrett Kelley</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
James Ard</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Deal</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Bozel</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Welch</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Robert Boyd</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Thomas Hamrick</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
James Boyd</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
James Dale</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Robert Ewing</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Francis Seed</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
William Hackworth</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Roberts</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Joseph White</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Joseph Bunch</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Jacob Dooley</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
Thomas Owen</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Reed</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: Bookman Old Style; color: black">
John Wood, cow driving</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; text-autospace: none">
<img border="0" src="Blue%20moving%20lights%20divider.gif" width="575" height="10"></p>
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<a href="bufordfamiliesinamericabook.htm"><font color="#000080">BUFORD Families 
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<p align="center"><font face="Lucida Calligraphy" color="#000080">~~~Clouds by 
Torie~~~</font></p>
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