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          <td height="62" colspan="3" valign="top"> <p>&nbsp;</p>
            <p><font color="666666" size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Articles &amp; Reviews</strong></font><br>
			<br>
			<font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">This page includes a selection of articles and reviews of the 7th through 12th Annual Avant Garde Festivals, from 1971 to 1975, which were published in New York newspapers and magazines. A document containing a bibliography for the festivals from 1963 to 1969 can also be found below. Please click on the appropriate links to read the documents. </font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p align="left"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Bibliography:
              Annual Avant Garde Festivals 1963-69</strong><br>
			  <br>
			  This three-page document lists bibliographic references, including newspaper and magazine articles, for the 1st through 6th Annual Avant Garde Festivals, from 1963 to 1969.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/avantgarde_bibliography.pdf','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              bibliography</a></font></p></td>
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          <td width="29" height="20" valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
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          <td valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
          <td valign="top" colspan="3"><p align="left"><font color="666666" size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>1971: 8th Annual Avant Garde Festival</strong></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><font color="666666" size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">&nbsp;</font></td>
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          <td height="20" valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
          <td valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Grace 
              Glueck, &quot;Art Notes: Divertissement.&quot;</strong> </font><br>
            <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>New 
              York Times</em> (November 7, 1971)<br>
			  <br>
			  In this short article, Glueck describes the 8th Annual Avant Garde Festival at the Armory as "a sort of country fair of the far-out." She mentions the electronic emphasis of this year's festival, and outlines the many different art forms to be featured, including video, film, electronic music, earth art, poetry, actions, environments, inflatables and other spectacles. </font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/NYT_nov7_1971.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Richard 
              F. Shepard, &quot;Avant Garde Festival Held at Armory.&quot;</strong> 
              </font><br>
            <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>New 
              York Times</em> (November, 1971)<br>
			  <br>
			  This article gives a brief, enthusiastic account of the 8th Annual Avant Garde Festival. The author refers to Moorman as the "dynamic shoestring impresario," describes a number of pieces, and states that the event was "a breathless, enjoyable walkaround for the many hundreds of people who attended."</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/NYT_date_missing.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
          <td valign="top"><p><strong><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Fred 
              W. McDarrah, &quot;Avant Garde Festival: Down to His Last Mouse.&quot; 
              </font></strong><br><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Village 
              Voice</em> (November 25, 1971)<br>
			  <br>
			  This extensive three-page article includes several photographs from the 8th Annual Avant Garde Festival, as well as vivid, personal descriptions of a number of the works. The reviewer describes the Festival as "a combination trade show, circus, and high school Christmas fair." He also quotes some of the soldiers stationed at the Armory, who express their candid thoughts on the Festival's participants. </font></p>
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              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
          <td valign="top"> <p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>J.P. 
              &quot;Charlotte&#8217;s Festival: Why Do They Do It?&quot;</strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <em>Village 
              Voice</em> (November 25, 1971)<br>
			  <br>
			  In this brief piece, the reviewer considers the event "a study in contradictions of terms. The idea is so absurd and has been for so long that one begins to think it is outrageous." However, the writer hails the spirit of Charlotte Moorman: "To promote and organize eight of these disasters so far and to convince otherwise serious artists to participate takes some spunk."</font></p>
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              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"> <p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Carman 
              Moore, &quot;That Festival Was Needed.&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Village 
              Voice</em> (December 9, 1971): 49.<br>
			  <br>
			  The writer of this review considers many of her colleagues to have treated the 8th Annual Avant Garde Festival unjustly, with some critics arguing that avant-garde art doesn't belong in a festival-carnival. She refers to Moorman as an "amazing--perhaps revolutionary--woman," and states," Carnival is probably the value of the current avant-garde. Carnival--a time and place for amazing yourself while you walk around with lots of people: Carnival--also historically a kind of protest against Lent and against the strictures of your religion." The writer also discusses pieces by John Lennon and Yoko Ono.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/VV_dec9_1971.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><font color="666666" size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>1972: 9th Annual Avant Garde Festival</strong></font></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Tom 
              Buckley, &quot;Electrified Spaghetti on Avant Garde Fete Menu.&quot;</strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>New 
              York Times</em> (October 29, 1972): 70.<br>
			  <br>
			  The author of this review of the 9th Annual Avant Garde Festival on the Alexander Hamilton excursion boat gives positive, extensive descriptions of several works, including pieces by Tony Martin, Ay-O, Larry Miller, and Yoko Ono. He quotes Charlotte Moorman as saying that "Everybody is very lucky that we're here" but that "Some people think we're crazy."</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/NYT_oct29_1972.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Annette 
              Kuhn, &quot;The Underwater Cellist: &#8216;Push Her Further Down.&quot;</strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Village 
              Voice</em> (November 2, 1972): 70.<br>
			  <br>
			  This reviewer of the 9th Annual Avant Garde Festival gives her personal impressions of some of the works, the audience, the participants, the site, and the overall ambience. She describes in detail Charlotte Moorman's underwater cello-playing event. She is generally critical towards the preponderance of video works, stating that "there is too much video stuff everywhere" and it's just not interesting."</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/VV_nov2_1972.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Carman 
              Moore, &quot;The Avant-Garde in Dry Dock.&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Village 
              Voice</em> (November 9, 1972): 47.<br>
			  <br>
			  This writer attempts to put the 1970s' avant-garde in a historical context of the 1950s and 1960s, and discusses at length what she sees as its current failings, including the artist-audience relationship. She praises works by Woody Vasulka, Shirley Clarke, and Charlotte Moorman, whose efforts to "hustle the straight world for some concessions to the arts" are seen as the "freshest (and most hopeful, perhaps) aspect of the avant-garde ideal." </font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/VV_nov9_1972.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"> <p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>&quot;Ninth 
              Annual.&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>New 
              Yorker</em> (November 11, 1972)<br>
			  <br>
			  In this unattributed <em>Talk of the Town</em> piece, the author takes a lighthearted, anecdotal approach as he or she waits for Charlotte Moorman to play her cello underwater. A bystander from Texas sum up the event: "I always thought the purpose of the avant-garde was to repel people, and I've been all over that ship and I haven't been truly repelled once."</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/NYer_nov11_1972.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Mary 
              Breasted, &quot;Ms. Moorman&#8217;s Water Music.&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>SR</em> 
              (December 2, 1972): 19-20<br>
			  <br>
              The author of this article is unimpressed by the Festival. "As I 
              strolled about the ship [...] it struck me that quite a few of the 
              artists must have been chosen for their lack of inhibitions, a character 
              trait that was not always accompanied by much creative talent." 
              She is exhausted by the "sights and sounds and absurd goings on" 
              and reveals a preference to old-fashioned "blipless museums" and 
              conventional concert halls. She describes in some detail Nam June 
              Paik's <em>TV Bed</em> and Shigeko Kubota's <em>Video Birthday Party 
              (60th) for John Cage</em>.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/SR_dec2_1972.pdf','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
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          <td valign="top"><font color="666666" size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>1973: 10th Annual Avant Garde Festival</strong></font></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Bibliography 
              of the 10th Avant Garde Festival of New York</strong></font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/10thbibliography.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              bibliography</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Michael 
              Kaufman, &quot;When Festival is 10, Is It Avant-Garde?&quot;</strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <em>New 
              York Times</em> (December 10)<br>
			  <br>
			  In this article, Michael Kaufman gives a biographical introduction to Charlotte Moorman, from her beginnings as a classical cello student at Juilliard to her discovery of the music and art avant-garde via John Cage. Kaufman describes works in the 10th Festival at Grand Central Station, including those by Yoko Ono and Fred Stern, and speaks with John Cage, Shirley Clarke and her Videospace Troupe, and Antoni Miralda, who distributes "edible art." The writer praises Moorman's resourcefulness in arranging the entire Festival on a $13,000 grant.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/NYT_dec10_1973.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Lee 
              Sheridan, &quot;City Collectors Participate in Avant Garde Festival.&quot; 
              </strong> </font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Daily 
              News</em> (December 7, 1973)<br>
			  <br>
			  This reviewer considers the 10th Annual Avant Garde Festival to have been "an historic event charting the course of the unconventional art of the 1970s." He finds several works unforgettable, including John Cage's "Work in Progress." What entices the reviewer most is the element of interaction present throughout the Festival. He states that it is not an on-stage performance but a one-on-one experience, where the distinction between artist and spectator partly disappears. </font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/DailyNews_dec7_1973.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"> <p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Diane 
              Dreyfus, &quot;A Day at the Station,&quot;</strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Nightwatch</em> 
              (December 20, 1973: 6)<br>
			  <br>
			  This is the author's personal account of the tenth Annual Avant Garde Festival. The reviewer spent the day at the Grand Central Station and describes to the reader what she, her fellow spectators and the performers were up to. She appears to be charmed by the playfulness of the Festival.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/dreyfus_dayAtStation.pdf','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><font color="666666" size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>1974: 11th Annual Avant Garde Festival </strong></font></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Peter 
              Frank, &quot;The Avant Garde Festival: And Now, Shea Stadium.&quot; 
              </strong> </font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Art 
              in America</em> (November/December 1974): 102&#8212;106<br>
			  <br>
              This extensive article, published in <em>Art in America</em>, covers 
              the history of the Annual Avant Garde Festival up to its eleventh 
              year. Over several pages Peter Frank gives an account of how the 
              festival came about, what difficulties Charlotte Moorman has encountered 
              in organizing it, how it went from an exclusive to a public event, 
              and which artists have been involved since its inception. Frank 
              argues that the art presented at the Festival has not changed much 
              in ten years. However, he praises it for being "wildly uneven" and 
              not just presenting the "Best New Art."</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/ArtInAmerica_nov&amp;dec_1974.pdf','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font><br>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Ellen 
              Stock, &quot;Best Bests: Shea It With Music.&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>New 
              York</em> (7:46 1974)<br>
			  <br>
			  This short announcement for the 11th Annual Avant Garde Festival at Shea Stadium is illustrated with a playful drawing of the venue and performers.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/NY_7_46_1974.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Richard 
              F. Shepard, &quot;With Left Bank in Right, Avant-Garde Fete is 
              Far Out.&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>New 
              York Times</em> (November 17, 1974)<br>
			  <br>
			  This short article portrays a sprawling 11th Annual Avant Garde Festival at Shea Stadium as an exhibition of "unusual creative outbursts" and mentions the eclectic range of works by artists, including Yoko Ono, Ay-O, Otto Piene, John Cage. </font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/NYT_nov17_1974.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font><br>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Robin 
              Reisig, &quot;The Avant-Garde Festival at Shea: In Which Charlotte 
              Moorman Attempts to Play Her Cello on a Trapeze and Succeeds in 
              Kicking It, Thereby Making a Sound.&quot; </strong><br></font>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Village 
              Voice</em> (November 21, 1974): 83<br>
			  <br>
              This reviewer gives a detailed description of her time at the 11th 
              Annual Avant Garde Festival, writing, "I touched, heard, and played 
              with the art works. I even ate several of them." She describes at 
              length the audience's playful, festive interaction with the pieces 
              and the site, and writes with enthusiasm on Geoff Hendrick's works. 
              The text ends with a vivid description of Charlotte Moorman performing 
              <em>Flying Cello</em>, in which she swings on a trapeze over Shea 
              Stadium, attempting a mid-air meeting with her cello, which flies 
              on a second trapeze. </font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/VV_nov21_1974.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
              article</a></font></p></td>
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Alan 
              Shapiro, &quot;11th Annual Avant Garde Festival.&quot;</strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> <em>Good 
              Times</em> (December 4-17, 1974):11<br>
			  <br>
			  This short commentary on the 11th Annual Avant Garde Festival features numerous photographs of artists and works at the festival.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/GT_dec4_1974.pdf','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
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          <td valign="top"><font color="666666" size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>1975: 12th Annual Avant Garde Festival 
            </strong></font></td>
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          <td valign="top"> <p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Ernest 
              Leogrande, &quot;En Garde, Floyd Bennett!&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>New York Daily 
              News</em> (September 20, 1975): 15<br>
			  <br>
			  This article announces the 12th Annual Avant Garde Festival, to be held at Floyd Bennett Field in Brooklyn. The author mentions some of the artists to be featured, including John Lennon and Yoko Ono, and advises visitors to bring a picnic.</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/DailyNews_sept20_1975.jpg','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
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          <td valign="top"><p><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Alan 
              M. Kreigsman, &quot;A Gorple Grows in Brooklyn.&quot; </strong></font><br>
			  <font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>The 
              Washington Post</em> (September 29, 1975): B1, B7.<br>
			  <br>
			  This two-page review describes several works included in the 12th Annual Avant Garde Festival. The author is enticed by the event as a whole, but concludes that: "The label 'avant-garde' seems to have lost most of its former connotations of insurgency and radicalism."</font></p>
            <p align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="javascript:;" onClick="MM_openBrWindow('http://eai.org/user_files/supporting_documents/WPost_sept29_1975.pdf','','toolbar=yes,location=yes,status=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=800,height=550')">Read 
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