UMTS Architecture

UMTS system uses the same core network as the GPRS and uses entirely new radio interface. The new radio network in UMTS is called UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and is connected to the core network (CN) of GPRS via Iu interface. The Iu is the UTRAN interface between the Radio network controller RNC and CN. The figure 3.1 shows the UMTS architecture.

Figure 3.1: UMTS Architecture (Source:www.iec.org)

The mobile terminal in UMTS is called User Equipment (UE). The UE is connected to Node-B over high speed Uu (up to 2 Mbps) Interface. The Node-B are the equivalent of BTS in GSM and typically serve a cell site. Several Node-Bs are controlled by a single RNCs over the Iub interface. The RNCs are connected to CN through Iu interface. The packet switched data is transmitted through Iu-PS interface and circuit switched data is transferred over Iu-CS interface. One of the new interfaces in UTRAN is Iur interface which connects two RNCs and has no equivalent in GSM system. The Iur interface facilitates handling of 100 percent of RRM (Radio Resource Management) and eliminates the burden from CN.

UMTS also supports GSM mode connections in which case the MS connect to the CN through Um interface to BSS and BSS connects through A (Gb interface in GPRS) interface to CN.